Therapist Explains EMDR
In this blog, we summarize the podcast episode between Garth and Cassandra Minnick, where Garth asks Cassandra to explain the basics of EMDR, as though he knows nothing about it and hasn’t heard Cassandra talk about it for the last decade.
EMDR, or Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, has gained significant attention over the past few years as an effective treatment for trauma and PTSD. As more therapists become trained in this approach, it’s important to understand not just the basics of EMDR but also the depth of its mechanisms, applications, and the nuances of how it works in therapy.
Understanding the EMDR Process
At Seen Therapy Services, we take a structured approach to EMDR. The process begins with an assessment to determine whether EMDR is the right fit for the client. We explore past experiences, current triggers, and future concerns to develop a comprehensive treatment plan. Once we establish the plan and some resources to support that plan, we start processing distressing memories in a way that reduces their emotional charge.
Identifying the Right Memories to Start With
For therapists, choosing the initial memory to target is a critical step. There are specific methods to identify which memory to start with—float backs and other techniques—to trace current distress back to its root experiences. Once the memory is selected, we use bilateral stimulation to help desensitize it.
The Mechanism Behind EMDR: The Dual Attention Model
While there are a few theories on why EMDR works, the dual attention model has been gaining traction in research. This model suggests that taxing the working memory while recalling a traumatic event reduces its emotional impact.
A useful analogy is thinking about how our brain handles crises. Imagine you’re recording a podcast and suddenly smell smoke. Your full attention shifts to the potential fire, and nothing else matters until you ensure safety. Similarly, when recalling trauma, our brains often react as if the danger is still present. The bilateral stimulation in EMDR forces the brain to process the memory in a new way by introducing an additional task, signaling that there is no immediate danger, which allows for cognitive reprocessing. Information from the prefrontal cortex to the brain stem can be integrated.
The Role of Bilateral Stimulation
Bilateral stimulation is a core component of EMDR. It engages several parts of the brain and comes in various forms, including:
Eye movements: The therapist moves their hand in different patterns, prompting the client to follow with their eyes.
Auditory cues: Alternating tones in headphones stimulate each ear.
Tactile stimulation: Small buzzers, sometimes called “tappers,” alternate vibrations in the client’s hands or knees.
Clients may experience different forms of stimulation depending on their ability to track movement or their preference for auditory or tactile input. In some cases, engaging in state-dependent bilateral movement—such as pacing if the trauma memory involves walking—can be beneficial.
Addressing Negative Cognitions and Reprocessing
Cognitive restructuring is an important part of EMDR. This involves replacing negative self-beliefs with healthier, more adaptive ones. Common positive cognitions include:
I am safe.
I am strong and capable.
I am worthy of love and respect.
Therapists often use bilateral stimulation to reinforce these positive beliefs. While this aspect of EMDR has less empirical support than the desensitization phase, many clients report that it helps solidify new perspectives.
EMDR Training and Certification: What Clients Should Know
As EMDR gains popularity, many therapists are undergoing basic training, but not all pursue certification. The difference between being “EMDR-trained” versus “EMDR-certified” is significant. Basic training consists of two weekends (or an intensive five-day course) plus ten hours of consultation. After that, a clinician is technically qualified to use EMDR, but certification requires additional training, consultation, and experience.
When seeking an EMDR clinician, clients should ask:
Are you EMDR certified, or are you pursuing certification?
How much experience do you have using EMDR?
Do you receive ongoing consultation or training in EMDR?
Since the COVID-19 pandemic, EMDR has seen a surge in interest. Social media, celebrity endorsements, and increased awareness have contributed to more people seeking it out. While this growth is encouraging, it’s essential to ensure that clinicians offering EMDR have the appropriate training and experience.
Final Thoughts
The Netherlands is at the forefront of EMDR research, largely due to its public healthcare system offering EMDR intensives. This has provided valuable data that benefits clinicians worldwide. Studies continue to explore the effectiveness of EMDR, particularly in understanding whether it is the bilateral stimulation itself or simply the memory taxation that drives results.
EMDR is a powerful tool for trauma recovery, but its effectiveness depends on proper implementation. Clients should seek trained professionals who have pursued certification or ongoing education. If you are considering EMDR, take the time to research providers and ask about their qualifications.
At Seen Therapy Services, we prioritize quality care and evidence-based practices. If you’re interested in exploring EMDR, we encourage you to reach out.
How to Contact Seen Therapy Services
The best way to reach us is by texting our office at: 417-708-7909. You can also visit our website at seentherapy.org to schedule a consultation. If you have questions or topics you’d like us to cover in future discussions, feel free to send them our way!
Thanks for reading!
